AWG 22 voltage drop calculator
Voltage drop is current times the resistance of the round trip. For AWG 22 the resistance comes straight from the gauge definition and the conductor resistivity.
A
V
Voltage drop
27.631%
- Voltage lost in the cable
- 63.5510 V
- Voltage at the load
- 166.449 V
- Power lost as heat
- 1271.02
- Resistance per metre
- 0.052 959 1 ohm/m
- Conductor area
- 0.325 534 mm2
- Longest run within 3% drop
- 3.26
Show the working
- Current = 20
- One-way run length = 30
- Supply voltage = 230
- System = 2
- Conductor = 1.724e-8
- Conductor temperature = 20
- diameter_mm = 0.127 * 92^((36 - (22)) / 39) = 0.643 803
- Conductor area = pi * 0.643 803^2 / 4 = 0.325 534
- Resistance per metre = 1.724e-8 / (0.325 534 * 1e-6) * (1 + 0.00393 * (20 - 20)) = 0.052 959 1
- Voltage lost in the cable = 2 * 20 * 0.052 959 1 * 30 = 63.551
- Voltage drop = 63.551 / 230 * 100 = 27.6309
- Voltage at the load = 230 - 63.551 = 166.449
- Power lost as heat = 63.551 * 20 = 1271.02
- Longest run within 3% drop = 0.052 959 1 > 0 && 20 > 0 ? 230 * 0.03 / (2 * 20 * 0.052 959 1) : 0 = 3.257 23
Values are shown to six significant figures here; the arithmetic itself runs on exact fractions and is only rounded where a number is printed.
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The formula
- single phase or DC: drop = 2 x I x R per metre x one-way length
- three phase: drop = sqrt(3) x I x R per metre x one-way length
- R per metre = rho / area, corrected for temperature
The factor of two on a single-phase run is because the current goes out and comes back. A three-phase drop uses sqrt(3) because the return currents partly cancel.
This is resistive drop only. On long AC runs at high current, cable reactance adds to it.
Warm conductors have more resistance: at 70 degrees Celsius copper is about 20% more resistive than at 20.